Extraordinary Donors

CMV Negative and Rare Donors

All blood donors are special, but what makes some donors extraordinary?

• When it comes to helping most patients needing a blood transfusion, blood type matching is all that is needed. Certain ABO types are more rare than others, like type AB (less than 3% of the population) and types with a negative Rh factor (only 2% of people are type B negative).  
   
• But in some patients, like children battling cancer, NICU babies or patients living with sickle cell disease, more advanced testing is required. This specialized testing is necessary to identify Specific antigens which further define your blood.
   
• An antigen is a protein found on the surface of our blood cells, and people of all blood types and ethnicities have different combinations of these antigens. People can be positive or negative for a specific antigen. Patients who receive multiple blood transfusions may develop an antibody or in some cases multiple antibodies to antigens that are absent from their own blood cells. Because antigens can trigger an autoimmune response, life-threatening complications can occur if patients aren’t matched with their antigen-specific blood. 
   
• Red Cell Antigens like CEK are evaluated for treating patients with specific conditions like Sickle Cell Disease or Thalassemia. These are blood disorders that are prevalent among certain ethnicities.  Patients being treated for these conditions rely on many transfusions over long periods of time to prevent life-threatening complications of their disorder such as stroke. Because these patients may receive many transfusions in their lifetime, the blood center works with treating physicians to find blood donors with specific antigen matches to avoid transfusion reactions over time. 
   
• Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) testing is routinely performed in our Reference Lab and allows the Blood Center to help patients who require special antigen matched platelets. HLA antigens are proteins or markers on the surface of most of our cells, including white blood cells and platelets.  Patients such as those undergoing cancer treatment or mothers and NICU babies may need platelets from donors that have a specific HLA type to prevent a reaction occurring from the transfusion.  
   
• CMV or Cytomegalovirus is a virus that is not harmful to healthy adults and is found in more than half the population. Donors who have not been exposed to the virus have CMV negative blood, which is important for patients with weakened or underdeveloped immune systems.

Are there certain conditions that require antigen-matched blood or CMV negative blood for transfusions?

• Sickle Cell Disease - inherited blood disorder causing severe anemia. Click here for additional information.
   
• Thalassemia - inherited blood disorder causing severe anemia. Click here for additional information.
   
• Some Cancers - cancer patients may have weakened immune systems and need multiple transfusions during treatment
   
• Neonatal Intensive Care and Pregnant women - moms and babies may need specific antigen matching to ensure blood cell survival
   
• Organ transplants
   
• Babies, children and some adults with no or weakened immune systems -  may need CMV negative blood products

How can you help? 

Answer the call to save lives. When hospitals request specific antigen-matched or CMV negative blood, they need it immediately to treat patients who require your specific type. If your blood is identified as a patient match, we will call you to donate blood as soon as possible. It is important that you answer the call, as the window to help these patients is often a matter of hours and few donors are a match.